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International Journal of Public Opinion Research Advance Access published online on March 13, 2006
International Journal of Public Opinion Research, doi:10.1093/ijpor/edl004
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The World Association for Public Opinion Research. All rights reserved
Received August 30, 2005
Revised December 10, 2005

Article

Gender Attitudes and Modernization Processes

Johannes Bergh 1 *

1 Johannes Bergh is a research fellow in political science at the Institute for Social Research in Oslo, Norway

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Johannes Bergh, E-mail: johannes.bergh{at}socialresearch.no


  Abstract

The article aims to explain why attitudes toward gender equality and gender relations in society vary between individuals and countries. The hypotheses that are tested stem from two partly conflicting theories of modernization. Wilensky (2002) advocates a ‘structural’ explanation for variation in gender attitudes, while Inglehart (1990, 1997) suggests a ‘values’ explanation. The author conducts a three-part analysis: an individual, a national, and a multilevel analysis. The structural explanation is better able to account for individual level gender attitudes. Values do, to some extent, serve as the mechanism that produces national level variation. Inglehart (1990, 1997) is also right in suggesting that the effect of values on gender attitudes increases with increasing development.


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